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Freud has explained history of Psychoanalysis theory very clearly in his article named 'On The History of the Psycho-analytic movement ' . This article will be available as first part of Collected Papers by The Hogarth Press of London . In this article he is clearly said that he was the founder of Psychoanalysis . The beginning of Psychoanalysis was well known by him , so it was not possible to know by anybody except him . But we should not forget , though Freud was the founder of Psychoanalysis , few of them were exist earlier too . Nothing can be created suddenly . There would be a history on it . as for example : The Interpretation of Dream .
Though there was a way of thinking of Psychoanalysis before Freud also , but in the year of 1909 at one of the University of America , he himself said that he was not the Inventer of psychoanalysis , Inventer was Joseph Breur actually . In 1914 when Freud had written this article , firmly he said that this invention was by himself only , but Catharsis method was the contribution of Breur for psychoanalysis technique . According to Breur if a mental patient being open minded can talk , and if they say what's the explanation , what's the issues , then he would become peaceful much . It was a Perfect concept . Breur opines , in the way of catharsis if patient shares their words , then over a period he will be cured completely . During speech at the University of America Freud thought , catharsis will be the predecessor of psychoanalysis . But afterwards he realized there was no connection between psychoanalysis and catharsis . That's why he said He own was the founder of Psychoanalysis .
Freud & Breur both of them were used to with the treatment of hypnosis . But after few days Freud had left the treatment of hypnotism . There are two reasons for leaving of hypnotism : Firstly we cannot hypnotize to all patients . Secondly By hypnotism there is temporary relief only , The reason behind sickness remains in deep layer , as a result after few days sickness comes back . Although there is a continuation of hypnotism method still. But according to Freud , this cannot be the solution for total curing of the sickness . After leaving hypnotism he started implementation 'Method of free association '. Similarly Breur started same method . But again after few days Breur started catharsis method .
Before starting discussion about Pillars of Psychoanalysis , first you have to understand what are the sources of the purposes of mind , these are Id (awdaws) , Ego (awhawm) & Super-Ego (Adhishanta) . Actually Ego & Super Ego takes Power from Id layer .Afterward part of the Id transfers into Ego & Super Ego but being motivated by current situation . Freud said : ' Ego is basically part of Id ' ; It is a purposefully well set up part of Id against the current situation .
Repression is another pillar of Psychoanalysis . When egoism cannot tolerate any painful trauma , in that time egoism transfers the trauma into unconscious mind forcefully . This method is called Repression . Conscious egoism do not represses this trauma . Conscious egoism do not know about this unconscious egoism also . If it happens that Id has any powerful will for egoism to fulfillment of desire , that could be more harmful for egoism , Then only this painful trauma would happen . In this way egoism will face two opposite side problems. In one side Id will be trying to fulfill his desire as well and as a result on the other side there will be a super ego too . Fallen within this tension egoism feels pain . Whenever pain is unbearable unconscious egoism forget about the trauma . But by sending into unconscious mind that trauma cannot be unforgetable also. These two opposite powers compromise within unconscious mind and this compromising is observed as a symptons of sickness in behind of us.
Another pillar of Psychoanalysis is Transference . Once mental illness has been occurred this transference is very difficult to prohibited . Many times it can be seen that patients can identify them and the reason behind unconscious mind and the symptoms have been eliminated too . But until this transference cannot be cured , patient cannot be called normal .
There is another concept of Psychoanalysis which is more important to discuss . Which is called Resistance . During Psychoanalysis if questions are being asked to patient , patients might answer properly. In the 'Method of free association' also patient might be answering properly . But whenever any question is asked by doctor , and it reaches to the element of their trauma , then only patient won't be able to give any answer , he will protest then . He will act like he doesn't know or he has forgotten etc. in this way he will try to avoid question . Doctor should understand that , here is the crux of problem for patient . But we must remember that protest is not the work of conscious mind also, this is also done by unconscious mind . It will be a tremendas mistake if you mix up between resistance & inhibition . If there is no reaction by stimulation . then it is called 'inhibitation' . And prohibition of repression by trauma in unconscious mind to conscious mind is called resistance . In this case it will be more logical if we try to understand what is 'Method of free association ' ! Because if we don't understand the 'Method of free association' clearly , we are unable to understand psychoanalysis . In our thought world one idea can be connected to another idea, in that way by thinking about one thought , another thought will come instantly . As for example being thinking of pen , paper will come in mind . But it cannot be same for everyone . For other person being thinking of pen , books may come in mind. Because each & every idea of our mind is connected to each other .
Freud is not liable to anyone for the idea of Repression . Though after invention, one day Otto Rank said to him that whatever Philosopher Schopenhauer mentioned in his book named 'World as will and Idea ' those were the same idea of repression like Freud . People has read about this idea of Schopenhauer , but didn't give importance to that . The idea of repression was very primary . There was a reason of leaving hypnotism by Freud . Because hypnotism does not fall under repression . On the other side without removing repression , permanent treatment is not possible . That is why he left hypnotism and implemented ' Method of free association ' .
Since 1902 , The influences of Psychoanalysis had have became started visible . Thereafter popularity of Freud had been started to spread everywhere . In the beginninng of 1907 , the influences of psychoanalysis stared to increase gradually . A Periodicals was established in the name of Jahrbuch in the year of 1909 . C. G. Jung was its editor . The idea of mental complexity had come into brain of C.G.Jung at first . By doing work for 'Method of free association' he had invented that idea . By the time whenever a specific concept had been rooted in mind and then every thought has been started to influence by that only , and if there was emotion too in rooted ideas then that is called 'Complex'.As Many of us know about Inferiority complex .
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In this way egoism will face two opposite side problems. In one side Id will be trying to fulfill his desire as well and on the other side there will be super ego too .
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