Theory About Dreams | What is Dream ?

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Interpretation of dreams was a great contribution by Freud . From very beginning there were many who started to explain their views about Dreams . But those were not scientifically true at all . Rather , it can be said that "The Interpretation of Dreams " published in 1900 century was the first Scientific Theory of Dreams . In this book a scientific explanation has been thoroughly evaluated by Freud .

Before sharing opinion from interpretation of dream by Freud , lets take a look back of views of other philosophers too .

 In the past there was a believe that Dream is like a supernatural materials which is sent by God & Demons to human beings .

Greek Philosopher Aristotle had two writings about explanations of dreams . According to him Dreams are not any super natural materials rather it is very Psychical in nature .In simpler way Aristotle explained that Dream is like a Psychical work form of a asleep person . He was very much aware about few features of dreaming basically . As per his opinion during sleeping time any tiny stimulate can be seen as perverted manners . As for example if any person feel heat during sleeping time , he might be seeing that he walks through the fire ! As per Macrobius & Artemidorus , Dreams are defined in two different ways respectively  - 

i) Some dreams can reflect / represent Past & Present only . and 

ii)  Some of them can reflect indication for Future only .

According to Burdach relation between awakening & dreamy moments are like something where neither we see the actions of through out day at all nor we see the moments of happiness or sadness of through out the  day again rather objectives of dream is to find the way out that how to overcome these happiness & sadness ! 

Strumpell had the same views as well . 

Moury said Our vision in dream is like very much optimistic means we see those whatever we have expected to see , say or do as well . 

Philosopher Maass had some greater views , according to him we always dream about our extraordinary emotional matters and therefore we can say that there is an influences of emotions behind every dream .

Trivial facts from past are the subjects matters of The Dream , this was the idea of Hildebrandt , Havelock Ellis & Binz .

Many discussions  & researches are functioned about the relation between external stimulator & dream as well . Moury has experimented on his own . Post experiments he had a realization that in dream we never see those matters which basically creates from external stimulator , rather we see something different . But there is a connection between these two matters , but that does not define any specific connection means it never carries the same connection for everyone .

But the question is why the external stimulator carries the different meaning by asleep people ? In this matter Strumple & Wundt have same opinion . They say , during sleeping time our physical & mental states are in such condition where we do make mistake very easily .

At the time of awaken , basically we dont do mistake because from external stimulator whatever we receive those we can verify among our various ideas of awareness conditions as well , and first we verify then realize meaning we can recognize . During sleeping time we are unable to verify the external stimulator with ideas & memories as well . As a result we do mistake during dreamy time .

After waking up from sleeping why we forget about dream ! 

1.  Dreaming facts always creates very less impact in our mind . Feelings are very unclear over there .
2. Whatever we see in dream , those are very unique . Law of association of mind  says, if there is no similarities between new matters and the matters which we remember previously , then we cannot remember those matters also . As a result we forget dream easily .
3. In dream which we see those are very scattered and unorganized .
4. Apart from this , we don't have that much interest in those matters what we see in dreams , that's why we forget easily . 

Benini has explained two more reasons ...

1. Between awakening and sleeping states , during sleeping state feelings are very unclear  so we cannot remember about dream while awakend .
2. In dream whatever we see basically those are imaginative , so we cannot express those matters in reality .

G . T. Fechner said background for the state of dream and awaken are totally different .

We do not think about effigy , rather we like to feel experience in dream .

Burdach said 

• In our dream fancied theory transform into materialistic theory .
• During sleeping hours our soul consciousness reduces , that's why we stay inactive inspite off active state .

In the ancient time there was a believe that Gods are controlling the activities of human beings through dream .Delboeuf said dream is not such a things sent by God .

During awakening time whatever psychical activities are going on , in dream we can see the undivided connection of those activities . On other hand at the time of  awaken Psychical activities reduces and as a result everything becomes scattered .  Robert said dream expresses fixed thoughts . Therefore if people don't see dream , then they have a possibility to become mad . According to Scherner dream is a psychical activity which works independently ...

According to Freud there are two types of interpretations for dream . Firstly the dream may be taken as an emblem . There is an instance for dream of Pharaoh . 

Secondarily , the dream is not taken as a whole , rather parts of dream are considered as emblem only .

Artemidorus  of Daldis has written an book based upon dream , though emblematic . According to Artemidorus Interpretation of Dream basically depends on man to man . As an example interpretation of same dream will differ for rich & poor , married & unmarried people . 

Freud has criticized both the methods . First method was limited and in second method believes upon effigy is the main thing . So these methods are not scientifically proved . Freud believed that there is a possibility for scientific analysis of dream . Freud became excited while explaining about dream for the reason of epilepsy & gastrology . He got inspiration from the opinion of  his pioneer Joseph Breur . Breur had an idea that there should be a similarities between dream & gastrology ! Freud used to ask his patients of gastrology to share their dream . He used to ask his patients to concentrate over dream while lying by closing eyes  . Patients were asked to say whatever trivial matters were there in dream . Infinite thought is a fancy method . Our  each idea is connected to many ideas  . Therefore if one idea comes in our mind then other idea which is related to the same connection also comes to our mind . This is called fancy method . 

Freud had invented a great feature of dream . He said that dream basically expresses the distortion of our wish , imagination , ideology etc. There we do not find any similarities between real wish and visual in dream . Thats's why dream seems peculiar and impossible always . Dream can never imitate the real matters . e.g. suppose somebody has hatred for someone but he would see in dream that he loves him very much . This type of imagination we do except dream also . 

Mephistopheles said "Overall whatever you know , the gist of those also not to be shared " Politician imitates a lot . Actually everything cannot be shared easily or without distortion . 

In the chapter of activity of dream we will understand the main things as well .

Now the question is ,what are the sources of dream ? 

We were aware about these three theories before Freud only ...

Dream has an influenced about past facts basically .

During awakening time we selects facts with logic but in dream we never do this . There is no important , unimportant facts in dream . Rather during awakening time ,  whatever we feel unimportant, that we can see in dream . 

Sometimes childhood memories and memories from past days also come in dream . 

But the difference between Freud and Predecessor was that they only verified the manifested content based on those three theories . But Freud has analysed those three theories based on the latent content of mystery of dream . 

Does dream can interpret the future ?

As dream carry our wish , though wish belongs to future , therefore we can say dream cannot predict divinity rather based on the experience of past , dream can show indication of future only .

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